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Course Outline

Application Tuning Methodology

Database and Instance Architecture

  • Server processes
  • Memory architecture (SGA, PGA)
  • Statement parsing and shared cursors
  • Data files, log files, and parameter files

Execution Plan Analysis

  • Theoretical plans (EXPLAIN PLAN, SQLPlus AutoTrace, XPlan)
  • Actual execution plans (V$SQL_PLAN, XPlan, AWR)

Performance Monitoring and Bottleneck Identification

  • Monitoring instance status via system dictionary views
  • Analyzing historical dictionary data
  • Application tracing (SQLTrace, TkProf, TreSess)

Optimization Processes

  • Cost-based vs. rule-based optimization characteristics
  • Methods for determining optimal execution paths

Controlling the Cost-Based Optimizer

  • Session and instance parameters
  • Optimization hints
  • Query plan outlines

Statistics and Histograms

  • The impact of statistics and histograms on query performance
  • Methods for gathering statistics and histograms
  • Strategies for counting and estimating statistics
  • Managing statistics: locking, copying, editing, automating collection, and tracking changes
  • Dynamic sampling (handling temporary tables and complex predicates)
  • Multi-column and expression-based statistics
  • System-level statistics

Logical and Physical Database Structure

  • Tablespaces
  • Segments
  • Extensions (EXTENTS)
  • Blocks

Data Storage Methods

  • Physical characteristics of tables
  • Temporary tables
  • Indexed tables (IOTs)
  • External tables
  • Table partitioning (range, list, hash, composite)
  • Physical reorganization of tables

Materialized Views and Query Rewrite Mechanisms

Data Indexing Techniques

  • Constructing B-Tree indexes
  • Index properties and behaviors
  • Types of indexes: unique, multi-column, function-based, reverse key
  • Index compression
  • Index rebuilding and coalescing
  • Virtual indexes
  • Local and global indexes
  • Bitmap indexes and bitmap keys

Case Study - Full Table Scans

  • Impact of table placement and block reads on performance
  • Conventional vs. Direct Path data loading
  • Effect of predicate ordering

Case Study - Index Access Paths

  • Index scan methods (UNIQUE SCAN, RANGE SCAN, FULL SCAN, FAST FULL SCAN, MIN/MAX SCAN)
  • Leveraging function-based indexes
  • Index selectivity and Clustering Factor
  • Multi-column indexes and SKIP SCAN
  • Handling NULL values in indexes
  • Index-Organized Tables (IOT)
  • Impact of DML operations on indexes

Case Study - Sorting

  • In-memory sorting
  • Index-based sorting
  • Linguistic sorting
  • Effect of data clustering (Clustering Factor) on sorting performance

Case Study - Joins and Subqueries

  • Join algorithms: MERGE, HASH, NESTED LOOP
  • Join strategies in OLTP vs. OLAP systems
  • Join order optimization
  • Outer joins
  • Anti-joins
  • Semi-joins
  • Simple subqueries
  • Correlated subqueries
  • Views and the WITH clause

Other Cost-Based Optimizer Operations

  • Buffer sorts
  • INLIST processing
  • VIEW operations
  • FILTER operations
  • Count Stop Key
  • Result Cache utilization

Distributed Queries

  • Reading query plans involving DB Links
  • Selecting the leading table in distributed queries

Parallel Processing

Requirements

  • Proficient working knowledge of SQL fundamentals and the Oracle database environment (completion of 'Native SQL for Programmers' or similar Oracle 11g training is highly recommended)
  • Hands-on practical experience working with Oracle databases
 28 Hours

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